This can be caused by several issues. You could be following a nutrient poor, protein restricted, fat-based version of “keto” that causes a rise in the stress response. The body should naturally go in and out of ketosis, rather than being in a prolonged ketotic state.
The presence of ketones, for the body, is a sign of starvation and this can aggravate stress hormones, of which cortisol is one.
Many people never experience this effect. It all depends on your initial metabolic state, which affects your overall hormonal status.
If your body is reacting negatively to ketone presence, drop “keto”. You really do not want the body to double down on its stress response and aggravate the starvation response, rather than begin to reverse it.
Try a moderate low carb diet, that eliminates all sugar and grains, first. Then depending on how you adapt, with time, you can further lower your carb intake, if needed. You also have to keep an eye on caffeine consumption, whether from coffee or tea and eliminate it.
2. Should you consume “resistant starch” from wheat?
On this blog, we do not believe in "resistant starch". It makes for a cute biochemistry conversation, but it does nothing for controlling or reversing overweight/obesity and/or metabolic dysfunction.
So no, you should not eat "resistant starch" from any source. You should eat 0 starch if you are overweight/obese and/or have metabolic problems.
3. Carbohydrate was never an essential nutrient.
Correct. Carbohydrate is never an “essential nutrient” because the body can make all the glucose it requires through gluconeogenesis.
Carbohydrate can become a conditionally essential fuel for people who do high intensity physical activity. This would be an athlete during training, etc.
Not all athletic performances are of high intensity. Some sports are of low to moderate, steady state, intensity of long duration, like running or cycling. Those people do fine without carbs, as they are mostly running on fat.
But for the ones who need frequent bursts of intense energy, like in football or wrestling, the body is mainly using glucose fuel, as that’s the fuel for short term, high intensity, activity and we don’t store much of it. So, for these athletes they can run through their glycogen stores very easily.
For that reason, they will have a requirement for carbohydrate in order for them to continue their unnatural activity, which we never evolved the ability to do chronically.
4. Studies done on animals should be discarded when it comes to humans.
If you did that, you would lose 90% of all studies that have been conducted so far. It is unethical to use humans to conduct most studies, so even though animal studies rarely translate to humans and there is a debate about the validity of study results from animals which have been genetically altered for decades, that’s all we have.
5. If the person is more muscle than fat, they are "cured" and unable to get diabetes.
Only if proper blood glucose regulation is acquired. That is the only way of achieving remission, not cure.
The body is capped on how much lean muscle mass it can acquire, but it is not capped in how much fat it can put on. The more fat you put, the more muscle mass you acquire, but once you hit the limit, you will just be mostly fat. You can exceed natural lean muscle mass limits through steroids, but this causes adverse health effects.
6. I eat meat, but must eat beans because of religious reasons.
Mixing meat with beans is not going to help you. Beans are not part of a carbohydrate restricted protocol. They are either eliminated or highly limited on these types of diets. If that is not possible for you, then you are following the wrong diet.
You cannot follow a low carb protocol while consuming beans because your allotment for carbs, on these diets, is too low for beans to be a significant part of your meal, in any way other than a garnish. I know some people insist on putting a square peg into a round hole, but it won’t work. You cannot follow low carb, if you cannot follow low carb.
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