1. Eating at a caloric surplus triggers an over expression of leptin and creates fat loss, but this affect seizes after a while.
Because of insulin. Leptin, like so many other metabolic hormones, is a slave to insulin. So, when your caloric surplus is coming from a macronutrient combination that disrupts blood glucose regulation, like high carbs, you lose proper insulin function. This ultimately adversely affects leptin through multiple pathways and causes an increase in body fat. This high body fat affects leptin function further, over time. Leptin regulates both glucagon and insulin so it is glucoregulatory in itself.
This is why type of calories are so important as they will cause different effects in the body. Carbs are particularly obesogenic irrespective of calories. So eating a caloric surplus of carbs is a direct course towards obesity, regardless of initial results. Not because of the calories in carbs but because of their affect on blood glucose. You must keep carbs at starvation levels in order to delay their negative effects. For that reason, it's best to just remove them all together from the diet. You never want to manipulate leptin at the expense of insulin. All of these hormones must remain at normal levels so they don't lose their function.
So stay away from diets that promise you can "eat more and lose weight". They all do this through the consumption of carbs.
2. I am eating a strict low carb diet but my metabolic markers are becoming worse with time. My insulin keeps rising and I am now experiencing renal issues. I am doing everything right and nothing is working.
Metabolic syndrome/diabetes is not a disease of carb intake. It is a condition of poor blood glucose regulation.
Carbohydrate elimination helps to better regulate blood glucose which in turn helps to stabilize metabolic hormones and fuel partitioning but it is not the cure of metabolic syndrome/diabetes. A proper diet is only a palliative treatment for metabolic syndrome. The real cure is regaining proper insulin and leptin function, which is the root cause of the syndrome.
Proper leptin and stress response function is impaired in people with metabolic issues. This can make weight loss extremely difficult and so the person continues to have high body fat causing metabolism to further deteriorate over time. The older the person is, the more difficult this process is to reverse. How much leptin and insulin sensitivity you can regain is completely dependent on how much body fat you can shed and how much body fat you can shed is completely dependent by how much leptin and insulin sensitivity you can regain. It's a vicious circle. For this reason, there is no known cure for obesity/diabetes.
The most important thing a person in your situation can do is continue following your dietary and exercise protocol while working alongside your healthcare provider to try and improve your metabolic markers or at least prevent them from becoming worse. Other than that, always make sure that you check your diet to ensure you are eating properly. Simply choosing "healthy foods" is not enough. Cheese, for instance, is healthy but if you start eating it beyond your macros, then you are on a very high fat diet that will cause you to get fatter over time and contribute to higher insulin. Exercise is vital, but some people are unable to exercise properly or consistently enough. So look over these two areas and make sure that you aren't contributing to your inability to loose body fat.
3. "Keto" will help with amyloid angiopathy.
On this blog, we advise diet for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction or the support of an already healthy metabolism. We do not recommend dietary protocols for any other health condition.
For those that are curious, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a type of cerebrovascular disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide within cerebral blood vessels. This amyloid accumulation results in fragile vessels that easily hemorrhage.
It is believed that this condition is caused by certain gene mutations which lead to the production of proteins that are less stable than normal and that tend to cluster together (aggregate). These aggregated proteins form the protein clumps called amyloid deposits which are the culprit of this condition.
What does all of this mean? That diet cannot change it. The only thing that a healthy dietary protocol can do for you is make you overall healthier. People that are overall healthier are more resilient to disease, even when the disease is genetic. Any proper dietary protocol can accomplish this. It does not have to be "keto".
4. I sometimes like to eat Chobani Zero Sugar yogurts. Are they a "healthy" option?
As long as it doesn't kill or maim you, it’s technically "healthy". This is why I don't like the "healthy" description for individual food items. Your diet must be overall healthy. The only way that can be done is through the right macronutrient combination of adequate protein, moderate fat and low carbohydrate. Why? Because it is the macronutrient combination that is least likely to interfere with proper blood glucose regulation. Nothing else is healthy. It doesn't matter what diet you chose to follow, the above macronutrient combination should not change.
Labeling individual foods as "healthy" does not curb obesity because it causes people to lower their guard and make foolish decisions. Food manufacturers use labels with gimmicky tag lines such as "High In Protein", "Low In Fat", "No Added Sugar" or "Sugar Free". All of these descriptions are meaningless because even when something doesn't necessarily hurt you, that doesn't mean it will help you. Yet, they are labeling it as if it will. But if it’s not part of the solution, then it's part of the problem by default.
Don't be duped by labels. Nothing can help you unless the food label reads "Increases Leptin Expression" or "Improves Insulin Sensitivity" or "Normalizes Blood Glucose Regulation". Of course no food will be labeled that way because no food can do any.
If eating this yogurt prevents you from eating a yogurt with added sugar, then kudos. But that's really all it’s doing. It’s just preventing you from consuming something worse. It won’t help you lose weight and it won’t improve your metabolism. You need to do a lot more than just swap out sugar foods for “sugar free” foods to do that.
You also have to be careful how you eat these type of foods. That is really what makes these items obesogenic, regardless of their ingredients. This yogurt is obviously not a meal. You would starve. This automatically makes it a "snack". Snacks are not part of any healthy diet. So make sure that this item is part of your main meal, not a meal in of itself or a snack between meals.
5. Low carbohydrate diets help reduce gout attacks but it's not working.
Gout is caused by the over consumption of fructose and/or alcohol. As fructose is broken down, by the body, it releases purines. When the body breaks down purines it produces uric acid. When uric acid levels are very high (hyperuricemia) it forms painful crystals in the joints and this condition is called gout. Though the standard advice for gout sufferers is to avoid meat, meat is not the only food that contains purines, as some vegetables do too.
It appears that purines from fructose metabolism inhibits the ability for the body to excrete excess uric acid, while dietary purines from meat and/or vegetables, does not. If the body cannot excrete uric acid properly, it begins building up to very high levels. People who consume a lot of fructose, do so from a high sugar diet and they usually have metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome causes chronically and abnormally high insulin levels (hyperinsulinemia). Hyperinsulinemia is anti diuretic and impairs kidney function. Impaired kidney function does not allow for the proper elimination of waste, including excess uric acid. For this reason, gout can be described as a sign of impending kidney disease from metabolic syndrome.
When you are following low carb for the treatment of gout, you should eliminate all sugar and alcohol from your diet. See if that helps. If it does not, then you need to have your kidneys thoroughly checked to see what is causing them to not effectively excrete uric acid.
6. Low carb advocates insist that carnivore or "keto" are the "best diets" but they can't follow either themselves.
Because they aren't "the best diets". These people are lying.
Carnivore and "keto" are like every other diet on planet Earth. They are not special. They are not foolproof. They have the same success rate as any other diet. In fact, they have a much lower adherence rate since they are restrictive/elimination diets.
The only difference that low carb diets in general have, not just "keto" or carnivore, is that they help target the culprit of metabolic syndrome/obesity - blood glucose regulation. This gives them an advantage for better achieving your goals.
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